Which muscle is primarily responsible for hip flexion?

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Hip flexion is the act of bringing the thigh toward the torso, and the main driver for this movement is the iliopsoas group, especially the psoas major. The psoas major originates from the lumbar spine and attaches to the femur, crossing the hip joint to bring the thigh forward. Because it spans the hip joint with a large lever arm, it produces the strongest flexion torque, making it the primary hip flexor.

Gluteus maximus, by contrast, mainly extends the hip and helps with lateral rotation, so it isn’t the primary mover when the goal is to flex the hip. The tensor fasciae latae can assist with hip flexion, particularly in certain positions or with other muscles, but it does not provide the primary force. Quadratus lumborum acts on the spine, not the hip, so it doesn’t directly contribute to hip flexion.

So, the psoas major is the best answer because it is the principal muscle driving the hip joint into flexion.